recovery pump Everything You Need To Know About Anesthesia

Everything You Need To Know About Anesthesia

EXPERT PERSPECTIVE originally published by AEDITION .

For most people considering a surgical procedure, one of the biggest concerns is going under anesthesia. Here’s what you need to know.

Editor’s note: much of this content is in reference to cosmetic surgery however the principles shared here are applicable to many types of surgery including knee replacement .

by India Bottomley

For anyone considering a surgical procedure, one of the biggest concerns is about anesthesia and the potential risks associated with it. The good news is that modern cosmetic surgery often allows for different types of anesthesia and, while general anesthesia should not always be looked upon as a risky option, patients can be offered a choice of anesthesia and how awake they want to be during their procedure. But even if you are considering a minimally invasive procedure, you will likely be given some form of anesthesia in order to make the procedure as comfortable as possible.

Anesthetics are drugs administered to reduce sensitivity to pain. There are many types of anesthetics, from topical numbing creams to drugs that are administered intravenously (through an IV). The type of anesthetic drugs used in any given procedure will largely depend on the type of surgery being performed, but the goal of anesthetic is always to keep the patient comfortable and to allow the practitioner to do their work without causing pain. Common anesthetics fall into four categories.

Local Anesthesia

Many types of procedures can be carried out using only local anesthesia, which targets a small area of the body. Drugs are usually administered by individual injections around the area that will be treated, so the most discomfort you will feel during the procedure will be those initial pin pricks. After that, you may experience some pressure while the medical procedure is carried out, but you should not feel any pain. Local anesthesia allows the patient to be fully awake and alert during treatment and most people have their first experience of local anesthesia at the dentist’s office when having a minor procedure.

Benefits of local anesthesia:

• Minimal down time
• Less preparation before your procedure
• Fewer side effects
• Ability to go home shortly after the procedure

The biggest benefit of local anesthesia is a reduction in downtime. By reducing the chances of side effects, including nausea and vomiting that can be associated with other types of anesthesia, and since the patient remains fully conscious during the process, it allows those who have a procedure under local anesthetic to go home on the same day and return to their normal activities quickly.

The decision to use local anesthesia will depend on a number of factors, including the nature of the procedure, your medical history, and your personal choice. Local anesthesia can sometimes be combined with sedation, especially if you are a nervous patient who could find it distressing to be fully alert during a procedure.

Regional Anesthesia

Regional anesthesia is a form of anesthetic that numbs a specific part of the body, but a larger area than possible with local anesthetic. The most commonly known form of regional anesthesia is the type used during childbirth: the epidural. But that is not the only form of regional anesthesia and the technique can be used for procedures on the abdomen, lower limbs or even the arms. It’s a popular option for patients who have a medical history that would make a general anesthetic a higher risk.

Benefits of regional anesthesia:

• Suitable for invasive surgeries
• Allows the patient to remain conscious
• Can be safer for some people depending on their medical history
• Less down time than general anesthesia

This type of anesthesia also provides pain relief for the immediate post-surgery period, but other drugs are commonly provided to ensure that you are as comfortable as possible during recovery. Downtime from regional anesthesia varies, but depending on the nature of the procedure patients may be able to go home on the same day. Once the drugs wear off, normal function generally returns, though regional anesthesia does come with some risks, like allergic reaction. Rarely, complications occur with epidural and spinal injections that can result in temporary or long term paralysis, but your surgeon and anesthetist should discuss all risks with you when presenting anesthesia options.

Monitored Sedation

A monitored sedation is used in cosmetic surgery to ensure pain management and to keep patients comfortable during surgery, but you may have also come across it during diagnostic testing. Monitored sedation, sometimes referred to as twilight sedation, is administered intravenously (by an IV) and, according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists, is used for shorter or less complex procedures or when regional anesthetic would not be effective.

Benefits of Monitored Sedation:

• You will be drow

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